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--- iothings:proiecte:2025sric:esp32environmentalcomfortmonitoringsystemweb [2025/05/29 04:40]
iustin.burciu [Code Snippets]
+++ iothings:proiecte:2025sric:esp32environmentalcomfortmonitoringsystemweb [2025/05/29 05:41] (current)
iustin.burciu [Local Web Server Sketch]
@@ Line 41: / Line 41: @@
 | LED Blue  | GPIO25     | Lights up at comfort score 100 |
 | LED Red   | GPIO26     | Lights up if gas > 30 |
+{{ iothings:proiecte:2025sric:img_1163.jpeg?600 |Front wiring view }}
+{{ iothings:proiecte:2025sric:img_1164.jpeg?600 |Top view of the breadboard }}
+{{ iothings:proiecte:2025sric:img_1165.jpeg?600 |Connection to ESP32 }}
+{{ iothings:proiecte:2025sric:img_1166.jpeg?600 |Complete physical assembly }}
 ===== System Diagram =====
@@ Line 116: / Line 123: @@
     * Virtual LEDs (colored indicators)
-**Snippet: Sensor reading and score calculation**
+**Code**
-```cpp
+  #include <WiFi.h>
+const int pinLM35 = 34;
+const int pinMQ4 = 32;
+const char* ssid = "myWifi";
+const char* password = "";
+WiFiServer server(80);
+float citesteTemperatura() {
+  int adc = analogRead(pinLM35);
+  float voltaj = adc * (5 / 4095.0);
+  return voltaj * 100.0;
+}
+int citesteGaz() {
+  return analogRead(pinMQ4);
+}
+int calculeazaScor(float temp, int gaz) {
+  int scor = 100;
+  if (temp < 19 || temp > 25) scor -= 30;
+  if (temp < 16 || temp > 28) scor -= 30;
+  if (gaz > 30) scor -= 10;
+  if (gaz > 50) scor -= 20;
+  if (gaz > 100) scor -= 30;
+  return max(scor, 0);
+}
+void setup() {
+  Serial.begin(115200);
+  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
+  Serial.print("Conectare la WiFi");
+  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
+    delay(500);
+    Serial.print(".");
+  }
+  Serial.println("\nConectat!");
+  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
+  server.begin();
+  pinMode(25, OUTPUT); // LED albastru - scor 100
+  pinMode(26, OUTPUT); // LED rosu - gaz > 30
+}
+void loop() {
+  WiFiClient client = server.available();
+  if (client) {
+    String cerere = client.readStringUntil('\r');
+    client.read();
+    if (cerere.indexOf("/data") >= 0) {
+      float temp = citesteTemperatura();
+      int gaz = citesteGaz();
+      int scor = calculeazaScor(temp, gaz);
+      String raspuns = String(temp, 1) + ";" + String(gaz) + ";" + String(scor);
+      // LED rosu - gaz periculos
+      digitalWrite(26, (gaz > 30) ? HIGH : LOW);
+      // LED albastru - scor maxim
+      digitalWrite(25, (scor >= 100) ? HIGH : LOW);
+      client.println("HTTP/1.1 200 OK");
+      client.println("Content-Type: text/plain");
+      client.println("Connection: close");
+      client.println();
+      client.println(raspuns);
+    } else {
+      String pagina = R"rawliteral(
+  <!DOCTYPE html><html>
+  <head>
+    <title>Monitor de evaluare al confortului ambiental</title>
+    <style>
+      body {
+        font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
+        background: #f0f0f0;
+        text-align: center;
+        padding: 20px;
+      }
+      .container {
+        background: #fff;
+        border-radius: 12px;
+        padding: 20px;
+        margin: auto;
+        width: 90%;
+        max-width: 700px;
+        box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
+      }
+      h2 { color: #0077cc; }
+      p { font-size: 18px; margin: 10px 0; }
+      span { font-weight: bold; }
+      canvas { margin: 20px 0; border: 1px solid #ccc; }
+      #alerta { color: red; font-weight: bold; }
+      ul { padding-left: 0; list-style: none; }
+      li { font-size: 14px; margin: 5px 0; }
+      .led-box {
+        display: flex;
+        justify-content: center;
+        gap: 30px;
+        margin-top: 10px;
+      }
+      .led {
+        width: 25px;
+        height: 25px;
+        border-radius: 50%;
+        background: gray;
+        margin: auto;
+      }
+    </style>
+    <script>
+      let tempData = [], gazData = [], labels = [];
+      let ultimaAlerta = "";
+      function updateData() {
+        fetch('/data').then(r => r.text()).then(d => {
+          let [t, g, s] = d.trim().split(';');
+          document.getElementById("temp").innerText = t + " \u00B0C";
+          document.getElementById("gaz").innerText = g;
+          document.getElementById("scor").innerText = s + " / 100";
+          const timestamp = new Date().toLocaleTimeString();
+          const alertaCurenta = g + "-" + t + "-" + s;
+          // LED virtual gaz
+          document.getElementById("ledGaz").style.background = (parseInt(g) > 30) ? "red" : "gray";
+          // LED virtual scor
+          document.getElementById("ledScor").style.background = (parseInt(s) === 100) ? "blue" : "gray";
+          // Alerta gaz
+          if (parseInt(g) > 30) {
+            document.getElementById("alerta").innerText = "ATENTIE: gazul a depasit 30, iar calitatea aerului a scazut!";
+            if (alertaCurenta !== ultimaAlerta) {
+              ultimaAlerta = alertaCurenta;
+              const li = document.createElement("li");
+              li.textContent = timestamp + " - Gaz: " + g + ", Temp: " + t + " °C, Scor: " + s + "/100";
+              li.style.color = "red";
+              document.getElementById("istoric").appendChild(li);
+            }
+          } else if (parseInt(s) === 100 && alertaCurenta !== ultimaAlerta) {
+            ultimaAlerta = alertaCurenta;
+            const li = document.createElement("li");
+            li.textContent = timestamp + " - Scorul de confort a atins valoarea maxima (100)";
+            li.style.color = "blue";
+            document.getElementById("istoric").appendChild(li);
+            document.getElementById("alerta").innerText = "";
+          } else {
+            document.getElementById("alerta").innerText = "";
+          }
+          let ts = new Date().toLocaleTimeString();
+          if (labels.length >= 20) {
+            labels.shift(); tempData.shift(); gazData.shift();
+          }
+          labels.push(ts);
+          tempData.push(parseFloat(t));
+          gazData.push(parseInt(g));
+          drawGraph("tempChart", labels, tempData, "Temperatura", "\u00B0C");
+          drawGraph("gazChart", labels, gazData, "Nivel Gaz", "ppm");
+        });
+      }
+      function drawGraph(id, labels, data, title, unit) {
+        const canvas = document.getElementById(id);
+        const ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
+        ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
+        ctx.beginPath();
+        ctx.moveTo(40, 10);
+        ctx.lineTo(40, 190);
+        ctx.lineTo(490, 190);
+        ctx.strokeStyle = "#aaa";
+        ctx.stroke();
+        ctx.font = "14px Arial";
+        ctx.fillStyle = "#000";
+        ctx.fillText(title, 200, 20);
+        const max = Math.max(...data) * 1.1 || 1;
+        ctx.fillText(max.toFixed(1) + " " + unit, 5, 20);
+        ctx.fillText("0 " + unit, 10, 190);
+        ctx.beginPath();
+        ctx.strokeStyle = "#0077cc";
+        data.forEach((val, i) => {
+          const x = 40 + (i * 22);
+          const y = 190 - (val / max) * 160;
+          if (i === 0) ctx.moveTo(x, y);
+          else ctx.lineTo(x, y);
+        });
+        ctx.stroke();
+        ctx.fillStyle = "#0077cc";
+        ctx.font = "12px Arial";
+        data.forEach((val, i) => {
+          const x = 40 + (i * 22);
+          const y = 190 - (val / max) * 160;
+          ctx.beginPath();
+          ctx.arc(x, y, 3, 0, 2 * Math.PI);
+          ctx.fill();
+          ctx.fillText(val.toFixed(1), x - 10, y - 10);
+        });
+      }
+      setInterval(updateData, 2000);
+    </script>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <div class="container">
+      <h2>Monitorizare Mediu</h2>
+      <p>Temperatura: <span id="temp">--</span></p>
+      <p>Gaz: <span id="gaz">--</span></p>
+      <p>Scor Confort: <span id="scor">--</span></p>
+      <!-- LED-uri virtuale -->
+      <div class="led-box">
+        <div>
+          <div id="ledGaz" class="led"></div>
+          <p>Gaz Periculos</p>
+        </div>
+        <div>
+          <div id="ledScor" class="led"></div>
+          <p>Scor Maxim</p>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+      <p id="alerta"></p>
+      <canvas id="tempChart" width="500" height="200"></canvas>
+      <canvas id="gazChart" width="500" height="200"></canvas>
+      <div style="margin-top:20px; text-align:left;">
+        <h3>Istoric Evenimente</h3>
+        <ul id="istoric"></ul>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  </body></html>
+)rawliteral";
+      client.println("HTTP/1.1 200 OK");
+      client.println("Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8");
+      client.println("Connection: close");
+      client.println();
+      client.print(pagina);
+    }
+    delay(1);
+    client.stop();
+  }
+}
+{{ iothings:proiecte:2025sric:alertaocw.png?700 |}}
+{{ iothings:proiecte:2025sric:calitateocw.png?700 |}}
+==== Firebase Integration Sketch ====
+A second Arduino sketch was created to send environmental data to a **Firebase Realtime Database**, allowing remote access and monitoring from any internet-connected device.
+This implementation uses the **Firebase ESP Client** library to authenticate, connect, and write sensor data securely to the Firebase database.
+**Main responsibilities:**
+  * Connects the ESP32 to Wi-Fi
+  * Authenticates using an email, password, and API key
+  * Initializes communication with Firebase
+  * Reads temperature and gas levels
+  * Calculates the comfort score
+  * Uploads all values to Firebase paths every 2 seconds
+  * Activates **LED indicators** (same behavior as the local sketch)
+**Firebase Database Structure:**
+#include <WiFi.h>
+#include <Firebase_ESP_Client.h>
+#include "addons/TokenHelper.h"
+#include "addons/RTDBHelper.h"
+// WiFi
+const char* ssid = "mywifi";
+const char* password = "";
+// Firebase
+#define API_KEY "AIzaSyCpb_wClxGJonhdSk6B3dnMPWU4KgGPsRE"
+#define DATABASE_URL "https://esp32-monitor-d753c-default-rtdb.europe-west1.firebasedatabase.app/"
+#define USER_EMAIL "esp32@test.com"
+#define USER_PASSWORD "parola123"
+FirebaseData fbdo;
+FirebaseAuth auth;
+FirebaseConfig config;
+unsigned long lastSend = 0;
+const int pinLM35 = 34;
+const int pinMQ4 = 32;
 float citesteTemperatura() {
   int adc = analogRead(pinLM35);
   float voltaj = adc * (5.0 / 4095.0);
   return voltaj * 100.0;
+}
+int citesteGaz() {
+  return analogRead(pinMQ4);
 }
@@ Line 133: / Line 440: @@
   return max(scor, 0);
 }
+void setup() {
+  Serial.begin(115200);
+  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
+  Serial.print("Conectare la WiFi");
+  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
+    delay(500);
+    Serial.print(".");
+  }
+  Serial.println("\nWiFi conectat");
+  // Configurare Firebase
+  config.api_key = API_KEY;
+  auth.user.email = USER_EMAIL;
+  auth.user.password = USER_PASSWORD;
+  config.database_url = DATABASE_URL;
+  Firebase.begin(&config, &auth);
+  Firebase.reconnectWiFi(true);
+  pinMode(25, OUTPUT); // LED albastru - scor 100
+  pinMode(26, OUTPUT); // LED rosu - gaz > 30
+}
+void loop() {
+  if (Firebase.ready() && (millis() - lastSend > 2000)) {
+    lastSend = millis();
+    float temperatura = citesteTemperatura();
+    int gaz = citesteGaz();
+    int scor = calculeazaScor(temperatura, gaz);
+    // Trimitere catre Firebase
+    Firebase.RTDB.setFloat(&fbdo, "/monitor/temperatura", temperatura);
+    Firebase.RTDB.setInt(&fbdo, "/monitor/gaz", gaz);
+    Firebase.RTDB.setInt(&fbdo, "/monitor/scor", scor);
+    // Control LED-uri
+    digitalWrite(26, (gaz > 30) ? HIGH : LOW);
+    digitalWrite(25, (scor >= 100) ? HIGH : LOW);
+    Serial.printf("Trimis: Temp=%.2f, Gaz=%d, Scor=%d\n", temperatura, gaz, scor);
+  }
+}
+{{iothings:proiecte:2025sric:firebaseimg.png?800 |}}
+===== Challenges =====
+During the development of the Environmental Comfort Monitoring System, several challenges were encountered:
+  * **Voltage Compatibility for Sensors:**
+    The MQ-4 gas sensor operates at 5V, while the ESP32’s GPIO pins are not 5V tolerant. Careful wiring and understanding of voltage levels was essential to avoid damaging the board.
+  * **Character Encoding Issues in Web Dashboard:**
+    When displaying special characters like the degree symbol (°), improper encoding (such as `Â`) was initially shown. This was resolved by setting the correct `Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8` header.
+  * **Chart Scaling and Clarity:**
+    The visual graphs needed consistent scaling despite changing data. Implementing a dynamic Y-axis that adapts to maximum values while remaining readable was a key UX challenge.
+  * **Web Interface Responsiveness:**
+    Creating a layout that auto-adjusts for both mobile and desktop screens, while updating in real time without full page reloads, required a combination of efficient JavaScript and CSS techniques.
+  * **Firebase Authentication & Realtime Sync:**
+    Integrating Firebase required understanding its asynchronous behavior, authentication token refresh mechanisms, and ensuring secure access with proper API key and database rules.
+  * **Separation of Concerns:**
+    Maintaining two distinct sketches — one for the local server and one for Firebase integration — introduced complexity but ensured better modularity and reduced code overhead on the ESP32.
+  * **Data Accuracy and Sensor Calibration:**
+    Environmental factors such as temperature drift and sensor warm-up times needed to be considered to ensure accurate readings and valid scoring logic.
+===== References =====
+Below are the key resources used throughout the development process of this project:
+  * [Lab 1: Getting Started](https://ocw.cs.pub.ro/courses/iothings/laboratoare/2022/lab1)
+  * [Lab 2: Sensors & SPIFFS](https://ocw.cs.pub.ro/courses/iothings/laboratoare/2022/lab2)
+  * [Lab 3: Web servers](https://ocw.cs.pub.ro/courses/iothings/laboratoare/2022/lab3)
+  * [Lab 4: Databases for IoT - Firebase](https://ocw.cs.pub.ro/courses/iothings/laboratoare/2022/lab4)
+  * [Lab 5: Firebase (part 2)](https://ocw.cs.pub.ro/courses/iothings/laboratoare/2022/lab5)
+  * [Lab 6: InfluxDB](https://ocw.cs.pub.ro/courses/iothings/laboratoare/2022/lab6)