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--- iothings:proiecte:2025sric:esp32-smart-access-monitor [2025/05/29 16:59]
robert_george.pancu [Context]
+++ iothings:proiecte:2025sric:esp32-smart-access-monitor [2025/05/29 17:48] (current)
robert_george.pancu [Challenges]
@@ Line 24: / Line 24: @@
 By combining IoT (Internet of Things) principles with basic access control and data visualization, this system serves as a foundation for smarter building management solutions.
 ====== Hardware ======
+Components:
+  * ESP32
+  * 2 x IR sensor
+  * Buzzer
+  * wires
+  * breadboard
+{{iothings:proiecte:2025sric:poza_esp.jpg?400 | ESP32 Setup}}
 ====== Software ======
+Technologies Used
+  * Arduino Framework (ESP32 Core): Used to program the microcontroller.
+  * HTML/CSS/JavaScript: Used for building a responsive web interface.
+  * Chart.js: JavaScript library used for rendering the real-time people count chart.
+  * Embedded Web Server (ESP32): Hosts the HTML page and handles HTTP requests.
 === Code Snippets ===
+<code cpp>
+#include <WiFi.h>
+#include <WebServer.h>
+#define BUZZER_PIN 4
+#define IR_SENSOR_A 25
+#define IR_SENSOR_B 26
+const char* ssid = "";
+const char* wifiPassword = "";
+const char* correctPassword = "";
+WebServer server(80);
+int peopleCount = 0;
+unsigned long doorOpenTime = 0;
+const unsigned long doorOpenDuration = 10000;
+bool doorOpen = false;
+enum IRState {
+  IDLE,
+  ENTER_STAGE_1,
+  EXIT_STAGE_1
+};
+IRState state = IDLE;
+unsigned long lastTriggerTime = 0;
+void buzzerSuccess() {
+  for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+    tone(BUZZER_PIN, 1000);
+    delay(150);
+    noTone(BUZZER_PIN);
+    delay(150);
+  }
+}
+void buzzerError() {
+  tone(BUZZER_PIN, 500);
+  delay(1000);
+  noTone(BUZZER_PIN);
+}
+void handleSubmit() {
+  if (!server.hasArg("pass")) {
+    server.send(400, "text/plain", "Bad Request");
+    return;
+  }
+  String enteredPass = server.arg("pass");
+  if (enteredPass == correctPassword) {
+    doorOpen = true;
+    doorOpenTime = millis();
+    buzzerSuccess();
+    Serial.println("Door opened for 10 seconds.");
+    server.send(200, "text/plain", "Access Granted: door open");
+  } else {
+    buzzerError();
+    server.send(200, "text/plain", "Access Denied");
+  }
+}
+void handleCount() {
+  String json = "{\"count\": " + String(peopleCount) + "}";
+  server.send(200, "application/json", json);
+}
+void handleDoorStatus() {
+  if (doorOpen) {
+    server.send(200, "text/plain", "opened");
+  } else {
+    server.send(200, "text/plain", "closed");
+  }
+}
+void setup() {
+  Serial.begin(115200);
+  pinMode(BUZZER_PIN, OUTPUT);
+  pinMode(IR_SENSOR_A, INPUT_PULLUP);
+  pinMode(IR_SENSOR_B, INPUT_PULLUP);
+  WiFi.begin(ssid, wifiPassword);
+  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
+    delay(500);
+    Serial.print(".");
+  }
+  Serial.println("\nConnected to WiFi");
+  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
+  server.on("/", handleRoot);
+  server.on("/submit", HTTP_POST, handleSubmit);
+  server.on("/count", handleCount);
+  server.on("/doorstatus", handleDoorStatus);
+  server.begin();
+}
+void loop() {
+  server.handleClient();
+  unsigned long now = millis();
+  int sensorA = digitalRead(IR_SENSOR_A);
+  int sensorB = digitalRead(IR_SENSOR_B);
+  if (doorOpen && now - doorOpenTime >= doorOpenDuration) {
+    doorOpen = false;
+    Serial.println("Door closed");
+    state = IDLE;
+    return;
+  }
+  if (!doorOpen) {
+    state = IDLE;
+    return;
+  }
+  switch (state) {
+    case IDLE:
+      if (sensorA == LOW && sensorB == HIGH) {
+        state = ENTER_STAGE_1;
+        lastTriggerTime = now;
+      } else if (sensorB == LOW && sensorA == HIGH) {
+        state = EXIT_STAGE_1;
+        lastTriggerTime = now;
+      }
+      break;
+    case ENTER_STAGE_1:
+      if (sensorB == LOW && now - lastTriggerTime < 2000) {
+        peopleCount++;
+        Serial.print("Entered → Total: ");
+        Serial.println(peopleCount);
+        state = IDLE;
+        delay(500);
+      } else if (now - lastTriggerTime >= 2000) {
+        state = IDLE;
+      }
+      break;
+    case EXIT_STAGE_1:
+      if (sensorA == LOW && now - lastTriggerTime < 2000) {
+        peopleCount = max(0, peopleCount - 1);
+        Serial.print("Exited → Total: ");
+        Serial.println(peopleCount);
+        state = IDLE;
+        delay(500);
+      } else if (now - lastTriggerTime >= 2000) {
+        state = IDLE;
+      }
+      break;
+  }
+}
+</code>
+WEB
+{{iothings:proiecte:2025sric:dashboard.png?600 | Web Dashboard}}
 ====== Challenges ======
+Sensor Accuracy and Timing
+  * Differentiating between entry and exit requires precise detection and timing.
+  * Simultaneous movement or people hesitating at the doorway can cause incorrect counts.
+  * Solution: Implemented a state machine with timeouts to improve reliability.
+Resource Limitations on ESP32
+  * Hosting a full HTML page, JavaScript logic, and handling concurrent client requests pushed the memory limits.
+  * Optimized the web page content and avoided large libraries to keep the firmware lean.
+Security Considerations
+  * Password is sent in plain text and checked locally, making it vulnerable in open networks.
+  * Future improvements could include HTTPS support or token-based authentication.
 ====== References ======
+  * https://ocw.cs.pub.ro/courses/iothings/laboratoare/2022/lab3
+  * https://randomnerdtutorials.com/esp32-web-server-arduino-ide/
+  * https://www.w3schools.com/