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iothings:proiecte:2025sric:esp32-ir-hub [2025/05/21 02:12] petru.zincenco |
iothings:proiecte:2025sric:esp32-ir-hub [2025/05/21 03:03] (current) petru.zincenco [Images] |
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| - | ===== ESP32 Infrared Remote Hub (Finished) ===== | + | ===== ESP32 Infrared Remote ===== |
| ===== Metadata ===== | ===== Metadata ===== | ||
| Line 6: | Line 6: | ||
| * **Date Completed**: 21 May 2025 | * **Date Completed**: 21 May 2025 | ||
| - | ===== Overview ===== | + | ===== Introduction ===== |
| - | This project delivers a universal infrared (IR) transceiver based on an ESP32, seamlessly integrated with Home Assistant via ESPHome. The hub can learn and replay any remote protocol—whether NEC, extended‐NEC, or raw pulse sequences—allowing full control of air conditioners, audio systems, and other IR-controlled devices. All IR commands are exposed in Home Assistant as switches and buttons, enabling automation, voice control, and OTA updates without additional hardware beyond the ESP32 and simple IR receiver/emitter components. | + | This project extends an existing Home Assistant setup (on Raspberry Pi 4) to control IR‐only devices via an ESP32 acting as an IR transceiver, and to monitor indoor temperature and humidity. We use the YS-IRTM module to sniff and replay NEC‐protocol commands, and a DHT11 sensor to read environment data every 30 minutes. All IR commands and sensor readings are exposed in Home Assistant as entities. |
| - | ===== System Architecture ===== | + | ===== General Description ===== |
| ==== Block Diagram ==== | ==== Block Diagram ==== | ||
| - | {{:iothings:proiecte:2025sric:logicaldiagram.png?nolink&600 |}} | + | {{ :iothings:proiecte:2025sric:diagrama_2_.png?nolink&700 |}} |
| ==== Modules and Interactions ==== | ==== Modules and Interactions ==== | ||
| - | * **Home Assistant Server** (Raspberry Pi 3) | + | * **Home Assistant Server** (Raspberry Pi 4) |
| - | - Hosts ESPHome in Docker for firmware builds, API management, and OTA updates. | + | - Runs ESPHome add-on for firmware management, API, MQTT and OTA. |
| - | - Manages ESP32 IR Hub over Wi-Fi (static IP) using the native ESPHome integration. | + | - Receives IR command events and sensor data from ESP32, exposes them as switches and sensors. |
| - | - Presents learned IR commands as Home Assistant entities (switches/buttons). | + | * **ESP32 IR & Sensor Hub** |
| - | * **ESP32 IR Hub** | + | - Connects over Wi-Fi (static IP) to Home Assistant via ESPHome native API. |
| - | - Runs custom ESPHome firmware configured in YAML. | + | - Interfaces via UART (irSerial.begin at 9600, SERIAL_8N1) on GPIO 22 (RX) and GPIO 23 (TX) with YS-IRTM. |
| - | - Interfaces with a “dumb” IR demodulator (e.g. TSOP38238) for raw pulse capture. | + | - Reads DHT11 sensor on GPIO 21 every 30 minutes. |
| - | - Drives an IR LED (via transistor) for signal replay, at 38 kHz carrier. | + | * **YS-IRTM IR Emitter/Receiver Module** |
| - | - Communicates with Home Assistant via the ESPHome native API for real-time control and OTA. | + | - 38 kHz carrier, hardware-decode for NEC frames only. |
| - | * **IR Receiver/Emitter Hardware** | + | - Outputs 3-byte payloads on receive; accepts 5-byte payloads to transmit. |
| - | - **TSOP38238/4838** demodulator for full pulse timing and protocol learning. | + | * **DHT11 Temperature & Humidity Sensor** |
| - | - **IR LED** with driver transistor for reliable transmission of any learned code. | + | - Reads temperature and humidity on GPIO 21; data logged every 30 minutes. |
| - | ===== Hardware Implementation ===== | + | ===== Hardware Design ===== |
| ==== Parts List ==== | ==== Parts List ==== | ||
| - | * ESP32 development board | + | * ESP32 development board – 46 RON |
| - | * TSOP38×38 IR demodulator | + | {{ :iothings:proiecte:2025sric:esp32.png?nolink&150 |}} |
| - | * IR LED + transistor + resistor for emitter driver | + | * YS-IRTM IR emitter/receiver module (38 kHz, NEC) – 22 RON |
| - | * 4-channel 3.3 V ↔ 5 V level shifter (for optional serial devices) | + | {{ :iothings:proiecte:2025sric:ys-irtm.png?nolink&150 |}} |
| - | * Jumper wires and breadboard or PCB | + | * DHT11 sensor module – 15 RON |
| - | + | {{ :iothings:proiecte:2025sric:dht11.png?nolink&150 |}} | |
| - | **Total cost:** ≈ 85 RON | + | * 4-channel 3.3 V ↔ 5 V level shifter – 11 RON |
| + | {{ :iothings:proiecte:2025sric:lvconvertor.png?nolink&150 |}} | ||
| + | * Jumper wires and breadboard | ||
| + | **Total cost:** ≈ 94 RON | ||
| ==== Connections and Wiring ==== | ==== Connections and Wiring ==== | ||
| - | * **IR Receiver** (TSOP) → ESP32 GPIO (e.g. 23) | + | * **YS-IRTM Module** |
| - | * **IR LED Anode** → 5 V through current-limiting resistor → transistor → ESP32 GPIO (e.g. 22) for carrier enable | + | - LVCC → 3.3 V (ESP32) |
| - | * **Transistor Base** → ESP32 GPIO through base resistor | + | - HVCC → 5 V (ESP32) |
| - | * **GND/common** for ESP32, TSOP, and emitter driver | + | - GND → ESP32 GND |
| - | * (Optional) **UART RX/TX** via level shifter if using serial modules | + | - TXD → level shifter → ESP32 GPIO 22 (RX) |
| + | - RXD ← level shifter ← ESP32 GPIO 23 (TX) | ||
| + | * **DHT11 Sensor** | ||
| + | - VCC → 5 V (ESP32) | ||
| + | - GND → ESP32 GND | ||
| + | - DATA → ESP32 GPIO 21 | ||
| + | * **IR LED & Driver** | ||
| + | - IR LED anode → 5 V via resistor → transistor → ESP32 GPIO (configured by module) | ||
| + | - Common GND for all devices | ||
| - | ==== Design Rationale ==== | + | ===== Software Design ===== |
| - | * Switched from YS-IRTM module to TSOP demodulator to capture raw pulses and support proprietary protocols (e.g. Yamato AC). | + | ==== Environment & Components ==== |
| - | * On-board IR LED driver ensures full carrier strength and reliable distance. | + | * **ESPHome** (YAML-based) for Wi-Fi, API, MQTT, OTA. |
| - | * Level shifter retained for future expansions requiring TTL serial devices. | + | * **`uart`** on GPIO 22/23 at 9600 baud, SERIAL_8N1. |
| + | * **`remote_receiver`** + **`remote_transmitter`** for YS-IRTM NEC frames. | ||
| + | * **`dht`** sensor component on GPIO 21, update_interval: 1800 s. | ||
| + | * **Custom `text_sensor`** lambda to parse 3-byte NEC payloads into HA events. | ||
| - | ===== Firmware and Software ===== | + | ==== Receive Handling ==== |
| - | ==== Development Environment ==== | + | 1. YS-IRTM decodes NEC IR and emits 3 bytes over UART. |
| - | * **ESPHome in Docker**: Containerized with host-network mode, USB mapping (`/dev/ttyUSB0`), and OTA port (3232) exposed. | + | 2. ESPHome buffers 3 bytes, then publishes an MQTT/state update (`ir_hub/last_command`). |
| - | * **YAML-First Configuration**: Single `ir_hub.yaml` defines Wi-Fi, static IP (`192.168.0.136`), API, OTA, logger, UART (if needed), and switch entities. | + | 3. Home Assistant sensor template splits into user-code and command. |
| - | * **Static IP Assignment**: Ensures reliable discovery and OTA, bypassing mDNS issues in Docker. | + | |
| - | ==== IR Signal Handling ==== | + | ==== Transmit Handling ==== |
| - | * **Learning (Capture)** | + | 1. HA invokes `switch.ir_send_<device>_<cmd>`. |
| - | - The TSOP38×38 demodulator outputs clean digital bursts. | + | 2. ESPHome writes 5-byte payload (Addr: 0xA1, F1: 0xF1, UC High, UC Low, Cmd) to UART. |
| - | - ESPHome’s `remote_receiver` component timestamps each pulse/space. | + | 3. YS-IRTM emits NEC frame (9 ms mark, 4.5 ms space, data bits 562 µs @38 kHz). |
| - | - A custom lambda buffers pulses into arrays, then exposes them via an MQTT/state event or as a Home Assistant sensor for inspection. | + | 4. Module replies 0xF1 on success; ESPHome retries once after 1 s if no ack. |
| - | * **Replaying (Transmit)** | + | |
| - | - ESPHome’s `remote_transmitter` component drives the IR LED at 38 kHz. | + | |
| - | - Learned pulse arrays are stored in flash (as `raw_codes`), then replayed on command via a Home Assistant switch. | + | |
| - | - Automatic retries and acknowledgments ensure reliable transmission. | + | |
| - | ==== Home Assistant Integration ==== | + | ==== Sensor Handling ==== |
| - | * **Entity Exposure**: Each learned code appears as a `switch.<device>_<command>` in Home Assistant. | + | * DHT11 on GPIO 21 is read every 30 minutes. |
| - | * **OTA Updates**: After initial USB flash, firmware updates are pushed over-the-air from the ESPHome container. | + | * Temperature and humidity values are published to Home Assistant as `sensor.inside_temperature` and `sensor.inside_humidity`. |
| - | * **Dashboard Controls**: Custom Lovelace cards allow “Learn”, “Replay”, and “Delete” actions per IR code. | + | |
| + | ===== Known IR Codes ===== | ||
| + | ^ Function ^ NEC Code ^ | ||
| + | | Power On/Off | 01 FE 04 | | ||
| + | | Mute | 01 FE 09 | | ||
| + | | Volume Down | 01 FE 05 | | ||
| + | | Volume Up | 01 FE 06 | | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== Images ===== | ||
| + | ===== Images ===== | ||
| + | Hardware setup: ESP32, YS-IRTM module and DHT11 sensor wired on the breadboard and powered on. | ||
| + | {{ :iothings:proiecte:2025sric:fizic.jpeg?nolink&700 |}} | ||
| + | ESP32 in Home Assistant UI: The ESP32 entity and exposed IR switches and sensor values displayed on the HA dashboard. | ||
| + | {{ :iothings:proiecte:2025sric:esp_ha.png?nolink&700 |}} | ||
| + | Inside Temperature Graph: Logged DHT11 readings showing temperature variations over time. | ||
| + | {{ :iothings:proiecte:2025sric:temperatura.png?nolink&700 |}} | ||
| + | Inside Humidity Graph: Logged DHT11 readings showing humidity fluctuations over time. | ||
| + | {{ :iothings:proiecte:2025sric:umiditate.png?nolink&700 |}} | ||
| ===== Results ===== | ===== Results ===== | ||
| - | * **Universal IR Hub**: Successfully captures and replays NEC, extended protocols, and custom raw timings. | + | All NEC remotes in the stereo system are learned and replayed via Home Assistant. Indoor temperature and humidity are logged every 30 minutes and available in HA dashboards. OTA updates allow wireless firmware management. |
| - | * **Seamless HA Control**: All IR actions are directly automatable and available for voice assistants. | + | |
| - | * **Robust OTA Workflow**: New features and learned codes can be deployed wirelessly without on-site USB access. | + | |
| - | ===== Conclusions ===== | + | ===== Future Improvements (Brief) ===== |
| - | By leveraging a simple TSOP demodulator, ESPHome’s flexible firmware, and Home Assistant’s automation capabilities, this ESP32-based hub becomes a truly universal IR bridge. It not only replicates existing remotes but can learn new ones on-the-fly, integrate with smart home automations, and evolve through OTA updates. | + | * Add direct IR raw capture and transmit to support non-NEC devices. |
| ===== Download ===== | ===== Download ===== | ||
| - | <html><a class="media mediafile mf_pdf" href="?do=export_pdf">Download PDF Documentation</a></html> | + | <html><a class="media mediafile mf_pdf" href="?do=export_pdf">Download PDF</a></html> |
| - | + | ||
| - | ===== Bibliography/Resources ===== | + | |
| - | * ESPHome Documentation – Getting Started, UART, Remote Receiver/Transmitter | + | |
| - | * Home Assistant – ESPHome Integration Guide | + | |
| - | * TSOP38×38 Datasheet – Vishay | + | |
