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pjv:laboratoare:en:02 [2019/10/16 15:26] alexandru.gradinaru |
pjv:laboratoare:en:02 [2019/10/23 14:33] (current) alexandru.gradinaru |
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| [[https://www.raywenderlich.com/6570-introduction-to-unity-ui-part-1|Unity UI – Part 1]] | [[https://www.raywenderlich.com/6570-introduction-to-unity-ui-part-1|Unity UI – Part 1]] | ||
| + | [[https://www.raywenderlich.com/4180726-introduction-to-unity-scripting-part-1|Unity Scripting – Part 1]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Parameters ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Parameters can be controlled in the editor as long as they are defined as public or serializable variables. | ||
| + | |||
| + | You can define both simple variables and lists (array) | ||
| + | |||
| + | <code> | ||
| + | public float speed; | ||
| + | |||
| + | public Sprite[] images; | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | [SerializeField] | ||
| + | private Text scoreText; | ||
| + | | ||
| + | [SerializeField] | ||
| + | private GameObject[] enemyTypes; | ||
| + | </code> | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | === Instantiating objects === | ||
| + | |||
| + | Objects can be instantiated using the function | ||
| + | <code> | ||
| + | newobj = Instantiate(objTemplate) as ObjType; | ||
| + | |||
| + | //from pregab - prefab must be in Resources folder | ||
| + | newobj1 = Instantiate(Resources.Load("enemy")); | ||
| + | |||
| + | // Instantiate the projectile at the position and rotation of this transform | ||
| + | Rigidbody projectile; | ||
| + | Rigidbody clone; | ||
| + | clone = Instantiate(projectile, transform.position, transform.rotation); | ||
| + | |||
| + | enemyOrc = Instantiate(Orc) as Enemy; | ||
| + | </code> | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Transforms === | ||
| + | |||
| + | The transformations of an object can be accessed through the attribute `transform` (https://docs.unity3d.com/ScriptReference/Transform.html) | ||
| + | |||
| + | <code> | ||
| + | Vector3 objectPosition = GameObject.transform.position; | ||
| + | |||
| + | GameObject.transform.position = new Vector3(posX, posY, posZ); | ||
| + | |||
| + | transform.Translate(Vector3.up * Time.deltaTime, Space.World); | ||
| + | |||
| + | transform.Rotate(Vector3.up * Time.deltaTime, Space.World); | ||
| + | </code> | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Random === | ||
| + | |||
| + | To generate random values you can use the Random class | ||
| + | |||
| + | <code> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Random.Range(-10.0f, 10.0f) | ||
| + | Random.Range(0, 8); | ||
| + | |||
| + | </code> | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Control of some objects or components === | ||
| + | |||
| + | The display or hiding of an object in the scene can be done through the activation function. | ||
| + | |||
| + | <code> | ||
| + | myObject.SetActive(false); // hide | ||
| + | myObject.SetActive(true); // show | ||
| + | </code> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Similarly, the components of an object can be controlled | ||
| + | |||
| + | <code> | ||
| + | |||
| + | this.GetComponent<BoxCollider>().SetActive(false); // deactivate | ||
| + | this.GetComponent<SpriteRenderer>().sprite = image; //setting an image | ||
| + | |||
| + | myObject.GetComponent<Text>().text = '123' //setting a text | ||
| + | |||
| + | </code> | ||
| + | |||
| + | You can also access child or parent items | ||
| + | <code> | ||
| + | childObject=parentObject.GetChild("child_name"); | ||
| + | |||
| + | //setarea unei componente a elementului copil | ||
| + | parentObject.GetChild("child_name").GetComponent<SpriteRenderer>().sprite = image; | ||
| + | </code> | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Wait === | ||
| + | |||
| + | If you want to introduce expectations when running a script / functions you can use custom keys. | ||
| + | The corutines are used to start asynchronous functions, which can be extended on several frames, and in which you can put the wait (pause). | ||
| + | |||
| + | <code> | ||
| + | void Start() | ||
| + | { | ||
| + | StartCoroutine(Example()); | ||
| + | } | ||
| + | |||
| + | IEnumerator Example() | ||
| + | { | ||
| + | print(Time.time); | ||
| + | yield return new WaitForSeconds(5); | ||
| + | print(Time.time); | ||
| + | } | ||
| + | </code> | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Input Events === | ||
| + | |||
| + | To be able to detect if an item has been pressed, the OnMouseDown function can be used | ||
| + | <code> | ||
| + | |||
| + | void OnMouseDown() | ||
| + | { | ||
| + | gameObject.SetActive(false); | ||
| + | } | ||
| + | | ||
| + | </code> | ||
| + | |||
| + | <note important>Note! This function is active only if the user clicks on a UI element or a Collider</note> | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Tasks ==== | ||
| + | Making a 2D memory game | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Configure a 2D scene for running | ||
| + | * Add to the scene an image that represents a board (table) | ||
| + | * Add two images to the scene: | ||
| + | * one that represents the hidden element | ||
| + | * one that represents the displayed element | ||
| + | * Script the displayed element so that the click will hide and the hidden one will be displayed | ||
| + | * Collect 3 more images for the displayed items | ||
| + | * Make a game controller (in the scene there must be pairs of elements - so there will be 4 pairs positioned randomly at each run) | ||
| + | * dynamic change of the image depending on which to write the following | ||
| + | * dynamic instantiation of a grid of 4 × 4 elements (the first is already instantiated) | ||
| + | * random positioning of type elements for each element in the scene | ||
| + | * maintaining the currently selected elements (max. 1 pair is selected) | ||
| + | * the asynchronous run of the check whether the pair was selected correctly or not | ||
| + | * maintain and display a score. The score increases when you discover two identical elements. | ||
| + | * Add a restart game button | ||
