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isc:info:virtualmachine [2023/10/15 20:39] florin.stancu |
isc:info:virtualmachine [2025/10/11 16:41] (current) florin.stancu [Local VM] |
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| # first, check if a keypair already exists | # first, check if a keypair already exists | ||
| you@yourlaptop:~# ls -l ~/.ssh/ | you@yourlaptop:~# ls -l ~/.ssh/ | ||
| - | # if the files `id_rsa` and `id_rsa.pub` already exist, SKIP this next step: | + | # if the files `id_ed25519` and `id_ed25519.pub` already exist, SKIP this next step: |
| - | you@yourlaptop:~# ssh-keygen | + | you@yourlaptop:~# ssh-keygen -t ed25519 # use elliptic curves, better + shorter keys! |
| # answer the defaults (aka just press enter multiple times) | # answer the defaults (aka just press enter multiple times) | ||
| you@yourlaptop:~# ls -l ~/.ssh/ | you@yourlaptop:~# ls -l ~/.ssh/ | ||
| - | -rw------- 1 root root 2602 Oct 15 12:59 id_rsa # <-- THE PRIVATE KEY, keep secret! | + | -rw------- 1 root root 2602 Oct 15 12:59 id_ed25519 # <-- THE PRIVATE KEY, keep secret! |
| - | -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 571 Oct 15 12:59 id_rsa.pub # <-- your PUBLIC key to give away! | + | -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 571 Oct 15 12:59 id_ed25519.pub # <-- your PUBLIC key to give away! |
| - | # print and copy the private key (including the 'ssh-rsa' prefix!): | + | # print and copy the private key (including the 'ssh-ed25519' prefix!): |
| - | you@yourlaptop:~# cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub | + | you@yourlaptop:~# cat ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub |
| - | ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC... # a very long line containing the public key number | + | ssh-ed25519 AAAAB3NzaC... # a very long line containing the public key number |
| </code> | </code> | ||
| * Now, connect to the university's frontend processor machine (FEP): <code bash> | * Now, connect to the university's frontend processor machine (FEP): <code bash> | ||
| Line 36: | Line 36: | ||
| [moodle.username@fep8 ~]$ mkdir -p ~/.ssh/ | [moodle.username@fep8 ~]$ mkdir -p ~/.ssh/ | ||
| [moodle.username@fep8 ~]$ nano ~/.ssh/authorized_keys | [moodle.username@fep8 ~]$ nano ~/.ssh/authorized_keys | ||
| - | # paste your public key, INCLUDING THE ssh-rsa prefix! | + | # paste your public key, INCLUDING THE ssh-ed25519 prefix! |
| # save, then exit! | # save, then exit! | ||
| </code> | </code> | ||
| Line 42: | Line 42: | ||
| * **DO NOT LOSE (or share) THE PRIVATE KEY ON YOUR PC!** It can be used to authenticate on your behalf on FEP (and possibly more servers you setup the key with)! | * **DO NOT LOSE (or share) THE PRIVATE KEY ON YOUR PC!** It can be used to authenticate on your behalf on FEP (and possibly more servers you setup the key with)! | ||
| * Now it's time to use [[https://cloud.grid.pub.ro/|OpenStack's Web UI]]! Open it in your browser, authenticate using ''login.upb.ro'', then: | * Now it's time to use [[https://cloud.grid.pub.ro/|OpenStack's Web UI]]! Open it in your browser, authenticate using ''login.upb.ro'', then: | ||
| - | * Compute -> Key Pairs -> Import Public Key, give it a suggestive name (e.g., "My Laptop"), set //Key Type// to ''SSH'' and paste your public key (contents of ''id_rsa.pub''). **Note**: you only need to do this once per your device's lifetime (redo only if you lose and re-generate the key!). | + | * Compute -> Key Pairs -> Import Public Key, give it a suggestive name (e.g., "My Laptop"), set //Key Type// to ''SSH'' and paste your public key (contents of ''id_ed25519.pub''). **Note**: you only need to do this once per your device's lifetime (redo only if you lose and re-generate the key!). |
| * One-time setup is over! Proceed to create a new Virtual Machine and connect to it using ssh (read the following steps). | * One-time setup is over! Proceed to create a new Virtual Machine and connect to it using ssh (read the following steps). | ||
| Line 49: | Line 49: | ||
| * Go to [[https://cloud.grid.pub.ro/]]. Click Compute -> Instances -> Launch Instance button! | * Go to [[https://cloud.grid.pub.ro/]]. Click Compute -> Instances -> Launch Instance button! | ||
| * Fill the Instance Name (use //your name + lab number// for law & order); | * Fill the Instance Name (use //your name + lab number// for law & order); | ||
| - | * Go to the **Source** page, search the Available section for ''ISC 2023'' then click the //up arrow// icon to select it; | + | * Go to the **Source** page, search the Available section for ''ISC 2025'' (choose the latest version) then click the //up arrow// icon to select it; |
| * From **Flavor**, choose ''m1.small'' (1GB RAM, 10GB disk should be enough); | * From **Flavor**, choose ''m1.small'' (1GB RAM, 10GB disk should be enough); | ||
| * From **Networks**, choose ''vlan9'' (click the //up arrow// icon); | * From **Networks**, choose ''vlan9'' (click the //up arrow// icon); | ||
| Line 64: | Line 64: | ||
| Our institution provides some rather limited resources at our disposal (mainly, a limit of 40 VMs). \\ | Our institution provides some rather limited resources at our disposal (mainly, a limit of 40 VMs). \\ | ||
| **Please delete the instance** after you're done with your lab / assignment to allow others to use the infrastructure without any hurdles! | **Please delete the instance** after you're done with your lab / assignment to allow others to use the infrastructure without any hurdles! | ||
| + | </note> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== Local VM ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | You can find a downloadable VM for the ISC labs, together with the source code, on GitHub: | ||
| + | https://github.com/cs-pub-ro/ISC-lab-vm/releases | ||
| + | |||
| + | Download either [[https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads|VirtualBox]] or [[https://archive.org/download/vmwareworkstationarchive/17.x/|VMWare Workstation]] in order to readily use it! | ||
| + | |||
| + | <spoiler Running the Virtual Machine using VMware> | ||
| + | * Download the VM's project and open the ''.vmx'' file; | ||
| + | * Note: it is **highly recommended** to use a SSH terminal from the physical system to work with the virtual machine. This way, we can use copy-paste in the terminal, we can customize the font, have scrollback and many other conveniences. To do this, follow the steps below: | ||
| + | * Log in to the virtual machine console (the black screen) using the ''student'' account with the password ''student''. | ||
| + | * Find out the IP address of the virtual machine on the ''eth0'' interface:<code bash> | ||
| + | root@host:~# ip addr sh eth0 | ||
| + | </code> | ||
| + | * From the physical system, open a terminal and initiate an SSH session using:<code bash> | ||
| + | student@PC:~$ ssh student@<VM_IP_ADDRESS> | ||
| + | </code>where ''<VM_IP_ADDRESS>'' is the IP address of the virtual machine as obtained above. | ||
| + | * Aaand that's it! | ||
| + | </spoiler> | ||
| + | |||
| + | <spoiler Running the Virtual Machine using VirtualBox> | ||
| + | * Download the VM's project and open the ''.vbox'' file; | ||
| + | * //Don’t start it yet, we still have a few settings to configure!// | ||
| + | * It is **highly recommended** to use a SSH terminal from the physical system to work with the virtual machine. This way, we can use copy-paste in the terminal, we can customize the font, have scrollback and many other conveniences. To do this, follow the steps below: | ||
| + | * For VirtualBox, we must manually add a port forwarding rule so we can access the machine via SSH from the host; | ||
| + | * With the virtual machine turned off, open **Settings -> Network -> Advanced -> Port Forwarding** and add the following rule: | ||
| + | {{ :isc:info:port_forward_virtual_box.png?600 | Port forwarding for SSH access from host machine }} | ||
| + | * From the physical system, open a terminal and initiate an SSH session using:<code bash> | ||
| + | student@PC:~$ ssh -p 10022 student@localhost | ||
| + | </code> | ||
| + | </spoiler> | ||
| + | |||
| + | <note> | ||
| + | The access credentials for the local virtual machine (the ''host'' station) are (//syntax: ''username:password''//): | ||
| + | * ''student:student'' | ||
| + | * ''root:student'' | ||
| + | By default, you can connect via SSH only using the ''student'' user; you can then switch to ''root'' using the command ''sudo su''. | ||
| </note> | </note> | ||
