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--- ac:laboratoare:07 [2024/11/07 12:50]
dimitrie.valu
+++ ac:laboratoare:07 [2024/11/14 13:05] (current)
dimitrie.valu
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ===== Lab 07 - Whatsapp End-to-end Encryption =====
-In this lab you will implement a simplified version of The Signal Protocol, which is the basis for WhatsApp's end-to-end encryption.
+In this lab you will implement a simplified version of the Signal Protocol, which is the basis for WhatsApp's end-to-end encryption.
 The first versions of Whatsapp protocol were described [[https://cryptome.org/2016/04/whatsapp-crypto.pdf|here]]. A more recent document is available [[https://www.whatsapp.com/security/WhatsApp-Security-Whitepaper.pdf|here]].
@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 For the Elliptic Curves, you can use [[https://github.com/Muterra/donna25519|this]] library.
-For installation, follow these steps:
+For installation, follow these steps (NOTE: **you can use your ''%%fep%%'' instance via Python3 environments**):
-  * [If in the lab] Log-in as admin (need admin user/password from lab host)
+  * Install the necessary tools (not necessary on ''%%fep%%''):
-  * [If in the lab] Select Administration->Software Sources and then select the romanian repos for high bandwidth
+<code>
-  * Install the necessary tools: sudo apt-get install build-essential setuptools python-dev
+sudo apt install build-essential python3-dev
-  * Install pip:  sudo apt-get install pip
+sudo apt install python3-pip
-  * Install donna via pip: sudo pip install donna25519
+</code>
-  * Log-out from admin account
+  * Use ''%%wget%%'' to download the required zip (find it below)
-  * Log-in with student as usual
+  * Create a Python3 environment, make sure PyPI is up to date and install the required packages:
+<code>
+python3 -m venv create env
+source ./env/bin/activate
+pip install --upgrade pip
+pip install cryptography donna25519
+</code>
-=== Task 1 ===
+**If local installation does not work, use your ''%%fep%%'' instance.**
-Create a common master_secret for two clients which communicate through a server. (TODO 1.1 & TODO 1.2)
+=== Task ===
+Find the required zip here - {{:ac:laboratoare:lab07.zip|}}.
+Create a common ''%%master_secret%%'' for two clients which communicate through a server. (**TODO 1.1** & **TODO 1.2**)
 Print it on both clients and make sure they both have the same secret.
@@ Line 25: / Line 35: @@
 Open three different terminals.
-First terminal:
+First terminal (start the server):
 <code>python main_server.py</code>
-Second terminal:
+Second terminal (start the first client and enter ''%%RECV%%'' mode:
-<code>python main_client.py</code>
+<code>
+python main_client.py
-Third terminal:
+RECV
-<code>python main_client.py
-MSG <id_other_client> Hello!</code>
-Second terminal:
-<code>RECV</code>
-<code python 'main_client.py'>
-from wa_client import Client
-from wa_server import Server
-SERVER_IP = '127.0.0.1'
-SERVER_PORT = 7778
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-	c = Client(SERVER_IP, SERVER_PORT)
-	while True:
-		cmd = input('MSG <user_id> <message>\n')
-		cmd = cmd.split(" ")
-		if cmd[0] == "MSG":
-			user_id = int(cmd[1])
-			msg = " ".join(cmd[2:])
-			c.send_message(user_id, msg)
-		elif cmd[0] == "RECV":
-			msg = c.recv_message()
-			print(msg)
 </code>
-<code python 'main_server.py'>
+Third terminal (start the second client and send a message):
-from wa_client import Client
+<code>
-from wa_server import Server
+python main_client.py
+MSG <id_other_client> Hello!
-SERVER_PORT = 7778
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-	s = Server(SERVER_PORT)
-	s.start()
 </code>
-<code python 'wa_client.py'>
-from donna25519 import *
-import os
-from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.ciphers import Cipher, algorithms, modes
-import struct
-import socket
-import hashlib
-import hmac
-from math import ceil
-O_NUM = 10 # number of initial One-Time Pre Keys
-hash_len = 32
-def hmac_sha256(key, data):
-    return hmac.new(key, data, hashlib.sha256).digest()
-def hkdf(length, ikm, salt = b""):
-    """Parameters:
-    length: output length in bytes
-    ikm: input key material
-    """
-    prk = hmac_sha256(salt, ikm)
-    t = b""
-    okm = b""
-    for i in range(int(ceil(1.0 * length / hash_len))):
-        t = hmac_sha256(prk, t + bytes([1+i]))
-        okm += t
-    return okm[:length]
-class ClientSession:
-    def __init__(self, root_key, chain_key_s, chain_key_r, eph_own, eph_peer):
-        self.root_key = root_key
-        self.chain_key_s = chain_key_s
-        self.chain_key_r = chain_key_r
-        self.eph_own = eph_own
-        self.eph_peer = eph_peer
-    def update_keys(self, eph_peer):
-        """Performs vertical ratcheting
-        Updates root & chain keys to match peer's (for decrypting its messages)
-        Then updates root & chain keys again with fresh ephemereal key (for encrypting
-        my messages)
-        """
-        self.eph_peer = eph_peer
-        # Update RootKey & receiving ChainKey
-        # TODO 2 Obtain new root_key and chain_key_r from hkdf over
-        # DH(eph_own, eph_peer) and root_key (can be used as salt parameter in hkdf)
-        self.root_key = ""
-        self.chain_key_r = ""
-        # Update RootKey & sending ChainKey
-        self.eph_own = None # TODO 2 Generate new ephemereal key pair
-        # TODO 2 Obtain new root_key and chain_key_s from hkdf over
-        # DH(eph_own, eph_peer) and root_key (can be used as salt parameter in hkdf)
-        self.root_key = ""
-        self.chain_key_s = ""
-class Client:
-    def __init__(self, server_ip, server_port):
-        self.I = PrivateKey() # Identity Key Pair
-        self.S = PrivateKey() # Signed Pre Key
-        self.O_queue = [PrivateKey() for i in range(O_NUM)] # One-Time Pre Keys
-        self.s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
-        self.s.connect((server_ip, server_port))
-        self.user_id = self.register()
-        # self.existing_sessions[user_id] = session with that user (ClientSession)
-        self.existing_sessions = {} # initially no existing session
-    def register(self):
-        """Lets the server know about its presence"""
-        # TODO 1.1 send public keys of I, S and the list of O to the server
-        # e.g. self.s.send(self.I.get_public().public)
-        # You may also print a log message, e.g. print "Sent I = " + self.I.get_public().public.hex()
-        # You can send the list of O by first sending its length and then the keys one by one
-        # use struct.pack('!i', my_int) to send 4 byte signed integers
-        # receive your user id from the server (might need later)
-        # use struct.unpack('!i', received_int)[0] to get an integer
-        # e.g. struct.unpack('!i', self.s.recv(4))[0]
-        user_id = 0 # TODO 1.1 change with received user id
-        print("Got User ID = %d" % user_id)
-        return user_id
-    def get_send_message_key(self, peer_user_id):
-        """Gets sending MessageKey using ChainKey from peer_user_id's ClientSession"""
-        session = self.existing_sessions[peer_user_id]
-        # TODO 2 Generate message_key from chain_key_s (session.chain_key_s)
-        # message_key = HMAC_SHA256(ChainKey, 0x01)
-        message_key = None
-        # TODO 2 Update chain_key_s
-        # ChainKey = HMAC_SHA256(ChainKey, 0x02)
-        session.chain_key_s = None
-        return message_key
-    def get_recv_message_key(self, peer_user_id):
-        """Gets MessageKey using ChainKey from peer_user_id's ClientSession"""
-        session = self.existing_sessions[peer_user_id]
-        # TODO 2 Generate message_key from chain_key_r (session.chain_key_r)
-        # message_key = HMAC_SHA256(ChainKey, 0x01)
-        message_key = None
-        # TODO 2 Update chain_key_r
-        # ChainKey = HMAC_SHA256(ChainKey, 0x02)
-        session.chain_key = None
-        return message_key
-    def pad_message(self, message):
-        pad_number = (-len(message)) % 16
-        if pad_number == 0:
-            pad_number += 16
-        message += ''.join([chr(pad_number) for i in xrange(pad_number)])
-        return message
-    def unpad_message(self, message):
-        pad_number = ord(message[-1])
-        message = message[:-pad_number]
-        return message
-    def send_message(self, to_user_id, message):
-        """Sends a message to user with id <to_user_id>
-        If there is no existing ClientSession between them, they create one
-        """
-        if to_user_id not in self.existing_sessions:
-            self.setup_session(to_user_id)
-        self.s.send(b"SEND")
-        self.s.send(struct.pack('!i', to_user_id))
-        # Get MessageKey for next message
-        message_key = self.get_send_message_key(to_user_id)
-        # Encrypt message using MessageKey
-        iv = os.urandom(16)
-        cipher = Cipher(algorithms.AES(message_key), modes.CBC(iv))
-        encryptor = cipher.encryptor()
-        message = self.pad_message(message)
-        enc_message = encryptor.update(message) + encryptor.finalize()
-        # TODO 2 Send own ephemereal public key (get it from the ClientSession with to_user_id)
-        session = self.existing_sessions[to_user_id]
-        raw_eph_own = session.eph_own.get_public().public
-        # TODO 2 Send encrypted message length to server
-        # TODO 2 Send encrypted message to server
-    def recv_message(self):
-        """Receives a message
-        It can be either from a new session exchange (tag=NEWS), or an actual message(tag=MESG)"""
-        tag = self.s.recv(4)
-        if tag == "NEWS": # NEW Session
-            ini_user_id = struct.unpack('!i', self.s.recv(4))[0]
-            self.setup_session_rec(ini_user_id)
-            tag = self.s.recv(4)
-        if tag == "MESG": # message incoming
-            # Get sender user id
-            sender_user_id = struct.unpack('!i', self.s.recv(4))[0]
-            # Get ephemereal key
-            raw_eph_peer = self.s.recv(32)
-            session = self.existing_sessions[sender_user_id]
-            # TOD2 3 If received eph_peer is unknown (different than the one stored in the
-            # ClientSession), update the keys
-            # The first time current eph_peer will be None, so make sure you update in that
-            # case also
-            if False: # change with actual condition
-                eph_peer = PublicKey(raw_eph_peer)
-                session.update_keys(eph_peer)
-            # Get message length
-            mlen = struct.unpack('!i', self.s.recv(4))[0]
-            # Get message
-            enc_message = self.s.recv(mlen)
-            # Decrypt message using MessageKey
-            message_key = self.get_recv_message_key(sender_user_id)
-            iv = enc_message[:16]
-            enc_message = enc_message[16:]
-            cipher = Cipher(algorithms.AES(message_key), modes.CBC(iv))
-            decryptor = cipher.decryptor()
-            msg = decryptor.update(enc_message) + decryptor.finalize()
-            msg = self.unpad_message(msg)
-            return msg
-    def record_new_client_session(self, master_secret, client_id, eph_peer = None):
-        """Forges RootKey and ChainKey from master_secret and stores them in a ClientSession
-        which is then put in the existing_sessions dictionary"""
-        root_key = master_secret # master_secret is considered as the base root key
-        if eph_peer: # initiator considers Srec as initial peer ephemereal key
-            eph_own = PrivateKey() # Generate new send ephemereal key
-            # TODO 2 Get root_key and chain_key_s with hkdf over DH(eph_own, eph_peer) and
-            # master secret
-            root_key = ""
-            chain_key_s = ""
-            chain_key_r = None # Will initialize with first received message
-        else: # the non-initiator (first receiver) will enter this branch
-            eph_own = self.S # initiator considers receiver's S as first "ephemereal" key
-            chain_key_s = None
-            chain_key_r = None
-        new_client_session = ClientSession(root_key, chain_key_s, chain_key_r, eph_own, eph_peer)
-        self.existing_sessions[client_id] = new_client_session
-    def setup_session(self, to_user_id):
-        """Initiates a new session with to_user_id"""
-        self.s.send(b"GENS") # GENerate Session command
-        self.s.send(struct.pack('!i', to_user_id))
-        resp = self.s.recv(4)
-        if resp == "FAIL":
-            print("User does not exist")
-            return False
-        # TODO 1.1 Get Irec (done), Srec, Orec from server
-        Irec = PublicKey(self.s.recv(32))
-        # Srec = ...
-        # Prec = ...
-        # TODO 1.1 Generate Eini (ephemeral private key of initiator)
-        # Eini = ... (see above for function to retrieve ephemeral private key)
-        # TODO 1.1 Compute master_secret from DH(Iini, Srec), DH(Eini, Irec), DH(Eini, Srec), DH(Eini, Orec)
-        # See method do_exchange in donna library: https://github.com/Muterra/donna25519
-        # Use '+' to concatenate output of various DH exchanges
-        master_secret = ""
-        print(master_secret.hex())
-        # TODO 1.2 Send Eini to the other client (through server)
-        # Generate new ClientSession using master_secret
-        self.record_new_client_session(master_secret, to_user_id, Srec)
-    def setup_session_rec(self, from_user_id):
-        """Receives a new session with from_user_id"""
-        # TODO 1.2 Receive initiator's public keys Eini, Iini and Orec_pub
-        Eini = PublicKey(self.s.recv(32))
-        # Iini = ...
-        # Orec_pub = ...
-        # TODO 1.2 Get private Orec from my O_queue based on received public Orec and then remove from O_queue
-        # TODO 1.2 Compute master_secret from DH(Iini, Srec), DH(Eini, Irec), DH(Eini, Srec), DH(Eini, Orec)
-        # See above, in method setup_session
-        master_secret = ""
-        print(master_secret.hex())
-        # Generate new ClientSession using master_secret
-        self.record_new_client_session(master_secret, from_user_id)
-</code>
-<code python 'wa_server.py'>
-from donna25519 import *
-import socket
-import threading
-import struct
-TCP_IP = '127.0.0.1'
-MAX_CLIENTS = 10
-class ClientRecord:
-    """Structure for keeping record of a client's public keys"""
-    def __init__(self, I, S, O_queue, clientsocket):
-        self.I = I
-        self.S = S
-        self.O_queue = O_queue
-        self.s = clientsocket
-class Server:
-    def __init__(self, port):
-        self.port = port
-        self.next_id = 1
-        self.registered_clients = {}
-    def start(self):
-        """Start listening to client connections"""
-        print("Starting server on port %d" % self.port)
-        s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
-        s.bind((TCP_IP, self.port))
-        s.listen(MAX_CLIENTS)
-        while True:
-            c, addr = s.accept() # connection with new client
-            print("New client from address " + str(addr))
-            threading.Thread(target = self.on_new_client, args = (c, addr)).start()
-        s.close()
-    def on_new_client(self, clientsocket, addr):
-        """Runs when a new client connects to the server"""
-        I = PublicKey(clientsocket.recv(32))
-        print("Received I = " + I.public.hex())
-        S = PublicKey(clientsocket.recv(32))
-        print("Received S = " + S.public.hex())
-        o_num = struct.unpack('!i', clientsocket.recv(4))[0]
-        O_queue = []
-        for i in xrange(o_num):
-            O_queue.append(PublicKey(clientsocket.recv(32)))
-            print("Received O = " + O_queue[i].public.hex())
-        user_id = self.register_client(I, S, O_queue, clientsocket)
-        clientsocket.send(struct.pack('!i', user_id))
-        while True:
-            cmd = clientsocket.recv(4)
-            if cmd == "GENS": # GENerate Session
-                raw_id = clientsocket.recv(4)
-                rec_user_id = struct.unpack('!i', raw_id)[0]
-                if rec_user_id not in self.registered_clients:
-                    clientsocket.send("FAIL")
-                    continue
-                clientsocket.send(b"GOOD")
-                # Send Irec, Srec, Orec to initiator
-                Irec = self.registered_clients[rec_user_id].I
-                Srec = self.registered_clients[rec_user_id].S
-                Orec = self.registered_clients[rec_user_id].O_queue.pop()
-                clientsocket.send(Irec.public)
-                clientsocket.send(Srec.public)
-                clientsocket.send(Orec.public)
-                # get Eini from initiator
-                Eini = PublicKey(clientsocket.recv(32))
-                rec_clientsocket = self.registered_clients[rec_user_id].s
-                rec_clientsocket.send(b"NEWS") # NEW Session
-                rec_clientsocket.send(struct.pack('!i', user_id))
-                # Send Eini, Iini, Orec to recipient
-                rec_clientsocket.send(Eini.public)
-                rec_clientsocket.send(I.public)
-                rec_clientsocket.send(Orec.public)
-            if cmd == "SEND": # SEND Message
-                # Get recipient used id
-                raw_id = clientsocket.recv(4)
-                rec_user_id = struct.unpack('!i', raw_id)[0]
-                rec_clientsocket = self.registered_clients[rec_user_id].s
-                rec_clientsocket.send(b"MESG") # send message tag
-                # Send sender user id
-                rec_clientsocket.send(struct.pack('!i', user_id))
-                # Forward sender ephemereal key
-                eph_s = clientsocket.recv(32)
-                rec_clientsocket.send(eph_s)
-                # Forward message length
-                raw_mlen = clientsocket.recv(4)
-                rec_clientsocket.send(raw_mlen)
-                # Forward message
-                mlen = struct.unpack('!i', raw_mlen)[0]
-                raw_msg = clientsocket.recv(mlen)
-                rec_clientsocket.send(raw_msg)
-    def register_client(self, I, S, O_queue, clientsocket):
-        """Registers new client's I, S, and O_queue and returns the new client's id"""
-        new_client = ClientRecord(I, S, O_queue, clientsocket)
-        user_id = self.next_id
-        self.next_id += 1
-        self.registered_clients[user_id] = new_client
-        return user_id
-</code>

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