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lfa:2024:lab02 [2024/10/12 01:28] stefan.sterea |
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| The program will be interpreted even if ''Void'' does not correctly implement the methods in ''Tree'' (though there are ways to enforce it at runtime. See [[https://blog.teclado.com/python-abc-abstract-base-classes/|here]]). | The program will be interpreted even if ''Void'' does not correctly implement the methods in ''Tree'' (though there are ways to enforce it at runtime. See [[https://blog.teclado.com/python-abc-abstract-base-classes/|here]]). | ||
| - | The class constructor is the ''__init__(self):'' method. Also note the mandatory presence of ''self'', which is the Python equivalent of ''this''. Each method will receive the object it is called on as the first argument. | + | The class constructor is the ''%%__init__(self):%%'' method. Also note the mandatory presence of ''self'', which is the Python equivalent of ''this''. Each method will receive the object it is called on as the first argument. |
| - | The method ''def __str__(self):'' is the Python equivalent for ''toString()''. An object can be displayed using the function ''str''. | + | The method ''%%def __str__(self):%%'' is the Python equivalent for ''toString()''. An object can be displayed using the function ''str''. |
| ===== The functional style ===== | ===== The functional style ===== | ||
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| * for functions/methods: ''def <func_name>([<param>: <type>, ...]) -> <return_type>'' | * for functions/methods: ''def <func_name>([<param>: <type>, ...]) -> <return_type>'' | ||
| - | * you can also type a variable with ''Callable[ [<param_type1>, ...], <return_type>]'' to hold functions or lambdas | + | * you can also type a variable with ''%%Callable[[<param_type1>, ...], <return_type>]%%'' to hold functions or lambdas |
| <code python> | <code python> | ||
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| * list[type], set[type], frozenset[type], dict[key_type, val_type]: basic data collections | * list[type], set[type], frozenset[type], dict[key_type, val_type]: basic data collections | ||
| * * ''Any'': a type is compatible with any other type (if no type hint is specified, this is what type checkers usually default to) | * * ''Any'': a type is compatible with any other type (if no type hint is specified, this is what type checkers usually default to) | ||
| - | * ''Callable[ [<param_types>...], <return_type>]'': this defines a function with a given signature | + | * ''%%Callable[[<param_types>...], <return_type>]%%'': this defines a function with a given signature |
| * ''<type1> | <type2>'': the ''|'' operator allows us to indicate that a given object can be one of two(or more) types | * ''<type1> | <type2>'': the ''|'' operator allows us to indicate that a given object can be one of two(or more) types | ||
| * ''None'': represents the lack of a value (or an explicit None value); useful to mark functions which have no return value, or that a value may be purposefully missing (in combination with the ''|'' operator), and a None check may be necessary | * ''None'': represents the lack of a value (or an explicit None value); useful to mark functions which have no return value, or that a value may be purposefully missing (in combination with the ''|'' operator), and a None check may be necessary | ||
| * The official typing documentation [[https://docs.python.org/3/library/typing.html|here]] | * The official typing documentation [[https://docs.python.org/3/library/typing.html|here]] | ||
| - | ==== Practice ==== | + | ===== Practice ===== |
| The task of this lab will be to implement the accepting procedure of a DFA in Python, in order to get familiar with Python's language constructs and get a start into working with DFAs in code. | The task of this lab will be to implement the accepting procedure of a DFA in Python, in order to get familiar with Python's language constructs and get a start into working with DFAs in code. | ||