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ep:labs:08 [2019/11/25 17:01]
emilian.radoi
ep:labs:08 [2023/10/30 00:50] (current)
ana.grigorescu0809 [03. Process Monitor]
Line 1: Line 1:
 ====== Lab 08 - I/O Monitoring (Windows) ====== ====== Lab 08 - I/O Monitoring (Windows) ======
  
-=== 01 - Objectives === 
  
-  * How to determine the root sources of having intensive disk usage/​RAM/​CPU and intensive networking using **Task Manager** (Processes, Performance,​ App history, Start-up, Users, Details, Services). +===== Objectives =====
-  * Analyzing performance issues due to intensive disk use using **Windows Performance Recorder**, **Process Monitor** and **Process Explorer**. +
-  * Monitor the disk activity, identify who is generating it and how to figure out the issue by looking at the pdbs and the code.+
  
-=== 02 - I/O Monitoring - Windows ​===+  * Offer an introduction to Windows ​I/O monitoring. 
 +  * Get you acquainted with a few Windows standard monitoring tools like **Task Manager**, **Windows ​Performance Recorder**, **Process Monitor**, and **Process Explorer**. 
 +  * Learn how to monitor disk activity, identify what is generating it, and figure out what the issue is by looking at the pdbs and the code. 
 +  * Take a deeper look into how monitoring tools extract data from processes.
  
-== Introduction ==+<note important>​
  
-  ​Since computers started to surface, for many people it was a mystery what was happening behind the screen and it seemed magical when it wasn't working and even more magical when it was working. Since Linux is open-source,​ all sorts of tools appeared over time to analyse problems when they came up. On Windows ​on the other hand, the system being closed made it harder for tools to appear. +You can download the **Windows ​10 VM** via [[https://ctipub-my.sharepoint.com/:u:/g/personal/​radu_mantu_upb_ro/​EXSrHQMCkWBEpGYseFEmnnABCA1hyb1oGWMUhnnHx8LIdQ?​e=I0pxHg | OneDrive]].
-  ​The first tools were provided by Sysinternals. These were written by Mike Rusinovich, who chose to make public tools such as “File monitor” and “Registry monitor”, which were later combined into “Process monitor”. The tools were so good that even Microsoft'​s support teams were using them. Seeing their usefulness and appreciating the know-how of their operating system, Microsoft decided to buy Sysinternals,​ so now the original website redirects to https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals (outside Romania it probably redirects to a different link due to localization reasons that consider the language of the country where redirection is made). +
-  * On this website can be found some of the tools that will be used in this tutorial - Process Monitor, Process Explorer, VMMap, Autoruns. Starting with Windows 7, Microsoft has begun to invest more and more in the performance of the system and in ways to monitor the system'​s performance. Some tools already existed since Windows 2000, but they were only used internally.+
  
-=== 03 Tutorials ===+If you need to use VirtualBox, you can use this //.ovf// version to import the VM (just on OneDrive) 
 +[[https://​ctipub-my.sharepoint.com/:​u:/​g/​personal/​cezar_craciunoiu_upb_ro/​EZYR_YFyHx5GiHf5yBNuiyYB-zXhIaTNzJ8o8Ri2M8l5Mw?​e=9qxrde | OneDrive]].
  
-== Task Manager ==+There is also the option to download as a torrent {{:​ep:​labs:​ep_win10_vm.7z.torrent.txt}}. 
 +DokuWiki is not configured to accept //​.torrent//​ files so remove the //.txt// extension. 
 +After that, you know what to do...
  
-Shows the process name responsible for constant disk thrashing either by reads or writesTo start Task manager use the shortcut: //**Ctrl Shift Esc**//.+Alternatively,​ you can install ​the following on your own Windows machine: 
 +  * **[[https://​go.microsoft.com/​fwlink/?​linkid=2120254 | ADK]]** - make sure to check //**Windows Performance Analyser**//​ and //**Windows Performance Recorder**//​. 
 +  * **[[https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/​downloads/​ | Visual Studio Community Edition]]** - select //C++ development//​.  
 +  ​* **[[https://docs.microsoft.com/​en-us/​sysinternals/​downloads/​sysinternals-suite | Sysinternals suite]]**
  
-^ A. Task Manager - Processes tab ^^ +</​note>​
-| **Processes tab** shows all the running processes and their current resource usage in terms of CPU, Memory, Disk and Network. | {{ :​ep:​laboratoare:​ep5_taskmanagernetworking.jpg?​400 |}} |+
  
-^ B. Task Manager - Performance tab     ^^ +<note important>​ 
-| **Performance tab** shows the usage level of the computer'​s main resources ​in the last 60 seconds   | {{ :​ep:​laboratoare:​ep4_taskmanager-cpu.jpg?​400 |}}       |+ If Visual Studio prompts you with an "​Expired"​ message, you will have to log in with your (university) account. 
 +</​note>​
  
-^ C. Task Manager - App history tab     ^^ 
-| The **App history tab** was first added to Windows 8, and it shows the resource consumption of metro applications. Metro applications are touch-screen-friendly applications written especially for Microsoft'​s WinRT programming interfaces. | {{ :​ep:​laboratoare:​ep4_taskmanager-history.jpg?​400 |}}       | 
  
-^ D. Task Manager - Start-up tab     ^^ +===== Contents ===== 
-| The **Start-up tab** shows all the applications that start at start-up, (or at least in Microsoft'​s vision - this will be further detailed in the Autoruns section), and their impact on the boot time. It is helpful to check this tab in case your computer takes a long to to start up. | {{ :ep:laboratoare:ep4_taskmanager-startup.jpg?​400 |}}      |+{{page>:ep:labs:08:​meta:​nav&​nofooter&​noeditbutton}}
  
-^ E. Task Manager - Users tab     ^^ 
-| **Users tab** shows the resource consumption of every logged in user. The screenshot below shows that there is only one user logged in. | {{ :​ep:​laboratoare:​ep4_taskmanager-users.jpg?​400 |}}       | 
  
-^ F. Task Manager - Details tab ^^    +===== Introduction =====
-| **Details tab** shows details for each process - pid, status, the user under which it runs. Right-clicking the column headers bar, offers the possibility to add or remove columns. In the screenshot presented below the following columns were added: Handles, Threads, Image Path Name and Command Line. These new columns are very useful: the first one (Handles) when investigating a handle leak, the second one (Threads) in the case of investigating processes that create too many threads, the third one (Image Path Name) to find out the path from where the process was started, and the last one (Command Line) to find out the parameters with which it was started. | {{ :​ep:​laboratoare:​ep4_taskmanager-details.jpg?​400 |}}       |+
  
-^ G. Task Manager - Services tab     ^^ +As you remember from the Linux Monitoring labs there is an endless list of tools for system analysis.
-| **Services tab** shows the service status. A Windows service can be considered similar to a Linux daemon: a process without a visual interface, offering services to user-created processes. | {{ :​ep:​laboratoare:​ep4_taskmanager-services.jpg?400 |}}       |+
  
-**Conclusion:​**+This is unfortunately not true for Windows. 
 +The system is closed-source and the development of tools is much slower.
  
-  * Task Manager can be used to identify which process uses a lot of RAM, CPU, accesses the disk many times or generates a lot of traffic on the network at a certain moment ​(Services tab). Howeverit does not offer information if in the long run, that same process is the one that generated the slowdown ​of the system. ​It does offer some information for longer periods of time, in the Start-up tab, which shows what process had higher impact at start-up, but does not specify the area that was impacted (disk space, RAM, CPU)+The first (and probably most popular), set of tools for system ​analysis is [[https://​docs.microsoft.com/​en-us/​sysinternals/​ | Sysinternals]]. 
-  * You can sort by I/O read or I/O Writes, but no option to sort the results by Total I/O (combined Read & Write).+This was later aquired by Microsoft and it is now their recommended tool for analysis
 +The suite contains a wide variety of tools, but we will only concentrate on the widely used ones.
  
-<​note>​ 
-To overcome Task manager’s limitation, and to perform a thorough analysis, use the excellent Resource Monitor (Resmon) utility, which is built-in to Windows. 
-</​note>​ 
  
-== Windows Performance Recorder ​==+==== 01. Task Manager ====
  
-Installing Windows ADK will install Windows Performance RecorderCheck by clicking ​the windows button ​and typing “windows performance recorder”.+ Shows real time information about processes and the system. 
 + To start Task Manager you can use any of the following methods: 
 +  * //**Ctrl + Shift + Esc**// 
 +  * Right click the taskbar ​and choose Task Manager 
 +  * //**Ctrl + Alt + Del**// and select Task Manager
  
-^ Windows Performance Recorder ^^ + ​**Tabs description:​** 
-| Start **Windows Performance Recorder** by pressing EnterYou will see the following: | {{:​ep:​laboratoare:​ep4_wpr-record.jpg?400 |}}       | +   ​* **Processes** - shows all the running processes and their current resource usage in terms. 
-| Click the **More options** button to get the list shown in the screenshot right below| {{:ep:laboratoare:​ep4_wpr-select.jpg?400 |}}       |+   * **Performance** - shows the usage level of the computer'​s main resources in the last minute. 
 +   * **App history** ​added with Windows 8, it shows the resource consumption of metro applications
 +   * **Startup** - shows all the applications that start at start-up and their impact on the boot time. 
 +   * **Users** - shows the resource consumption of every logged ​in user. 
 +   * **Details** - shows detailed information about each process. Right-clicking ​the column headers bar, offers the possibility to add or remove columnsThe following columnsHandles, Threads, Image Path Name, and Command Line are useful for especially useful for this laboratory. 
 +   * **Services** - shows the service status for all services. A Windows service can be considered similar to a Linux daemona process without a visual interface, offering services to user-created processes.
  
-<note warning>​ + ​**Conclusions:** 
-DatafileLogs.exe and GoodLog.exe +   * Task Manager can be used to identify which process uses a lot of RAM, CPU, accesses the disk many times or generates a lot of traffic on the network at a certain moment. 
-</note>+   * It does offer some information for longer periods of time, in the Startup tab, which shows what process had higher impact at startup, but does not specify the area that was impacted
 +   * You can sort by I/O read or I/O Writes, but no there is no option to sort the results by Total I/O (combined Read & Write).
  
-| Make sure that you select the same check boxes as in the screenshotbut do not click start just yet. Create a new directory ​and copy the **Logs.exe** and **GoodLog.exe** files into this directory. The behaviour of these two executables is similar ​to logging applications that write logs to the disk. Open terminal and change ​the path to the directory where you copied the files. | {{{:​ep:​laboratoare:​ep4_badlogs.jpg?400 |}}       |+ <​note>​ 
 + To overcome Task Manager’s limitations, and to perform ​thorough analysis, use the Resource Monitor (Resmon) utility, which is built into Windows. 
 + </​note>​
  
-Windows Performance Recorder ​^^ +==== 02. Windows Performance Recorder ​& Analyzer ==== 
-| Start **Windows Performance Recorder** and right after run GoodLog.exe and then Logs.exe. Once the two applications finish running, click the Save button ​in Windows Performance Recorder| {{:​ep:​laboratoare:​ep4_goodlogs.jpg?400 |}}       |+ ​Windows Performance Recorder ​(WPR) is used to record ​the whole activity of the system ​in a time frame. 
 + ​Compared to Task Manager, this tool only captures information,​ without displaying it.
  
-^ Windows Performance Analyzer ^^ + To inspect ​the captured data you will need to use another tool, Windows Performance Analyzer ​(WPA)
-| After the capture is savedthe Open option will become available in Windows Performance Analyzer. ​When clicking the Open button it should open a window such as the one below. | {{:​ep:​laboratoare:​ep4_wpa-cpu1.jpg?​400 |}}       | + This combination ​of tools is most useful when running tests that take hours and constantly watching Task Manager would be impossible.
-| Double clicking on Storage should display the following window. Analyse the resources. | {{:​ep:​laboratoare:​ep4_wpa-cpu2.jpg?​400 |}}       || +
-| In the upper-left corner ​of the newly opened window it can select Disk Usage, Utilization by Disk. Click on Utilization by Disk and select: Utilization by Process, Path Name, and Stack. This will generate the following output. | {{:​ep:​laboratoare:​ep4_wpa-cpu3.jpg?400 |}}       |+
  
-^ Task Manager ^^ +==== 03. Process Monitor ==== 
-The graph looks interesting. Processes ​can be selected ​for observing their activity on the diskIt can be noticed that our processes are not shown. Run Logs.exe again while keeping Task Manager on. | {{:​ep:​laboratoare:​ep4_logstaskmanagerdisk.jpg?​400 |}}       | + ​Process Monitor is another troubleshooting tool from Windows Sysinternals that displays the files and registry keys that applications access in real-time. 
-  + ​The ​results ​can be saved to a log file, which you can send to an expert ​for analyzing a problem and troubleshooting it.
-**Conclusions:​**+
  
-  ​This shows that there is activity on the disk. The question is why doesn'​t Windows Performance Analyzer show it. The way Windows Performance Recorder records activity is based on events generated by the Windows kernel. It registers to track the events, listens to them, and during the recording period it constantly samples which process uses which resource at the time of sampling. +**How to Use Process Monitor ​to Track Registry ​and File System ​Changes?**
-  ​It sums up the number of time that a process was caught doing something. In our case, the two processes want to write to the disk, but they are not the ones that get to do the actual writing. They tell the system that they want to write, ​and the System ​process schedules the writing. The reason for this is targeting a more efficient disk writing, as the System process is trying to minimise the impact to the disk. This is why our process'​s writing is passed over to the System process.+
  
-== Process Monitor ==+ We want to write to the HOSTS file (C:​\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts) in order to add new rules. 
 + When we try to do this we encounter an error when saving the file.
  
-//Process Monitor is an excellent troubleshooting tool from Windows Sysinternals that displays ​the files and registry keys that applications access in real-timeThe results can be saved to a log filewhich you can send it to an expert for analyzing ​problem and troubleshooting it.//+ ​Following the steps below (or the video) we can record what causes the error. 
 + ​Afterwardswe can send it to an expert ​or search ​for a fix ourselves.
  
-**How to Use Process Monitor to Track Registry and File System Changes?**+ <​html>​ 
 +  <​center>​ 
 +   <​iframe width="​560"​ height="​315"​ src="​https://​www.youtube-nocookie.com/​embed/​-3JiM-PPigA"​ title="​YouTube video player"​ frameborder="​0"​ allow="​accelerometer;​ autoplay; clipboard-write;​ encrypted-media;​ gyroscope; picture-in-picture"​ allowfullscreen></​iframe>​ 
 +  </​center>​ 
 +  <​center>​ 
 +   <​b>​The video covers all 3 parts.</​b>​ 
 +  </​center>​ 
 + </​html>​
  
-Step 1: Running Process Monitor & Configuring Filters ^^ +Part 1: Running Process Monitor & Configuring Filters ^^ 
-| **1.** Download Process Monitor from Windows Sysinternals site. || +| **1.** Run the Process Monitor application. || 
-| **2.** Extract the zip file contents to a folder of your choice. || +| **2.** Include the processes that you want to track the activity on. For this example, you want to include Notepad.exe in the (Include) Filters. || 
-| **3.** Run the Process Monitor application. || +| **3.** Click Add, and click OK. || 
-| **4.** Include the processes that you want to track the activity on. For this example, you want to include Notepad.exe in the (Include) Filters. || +| **4.** From the Options menu, click Select Columns. || 
-| **5.** Click Add, and click OK. || +| **5.** Under “Event Details”, enable Sequence Number, and click OK. ||
-| **6.** From the Options menu, click Select Columns. || +
-| **7.** Under “Event Details”, enable Sequence Number, and click OK. ||+
  
 <​note>​ <​note>​
-You can add multiple entries as well, in case if you want to track few more processes along with Notepad.exe. To keep this example simpler, let’s only track Notepad.exe. ​(You’ll now see the Process Monitor main window tracking the list of registry and file accesses by processes real-time, as and whey they occur.)+ You can add multiple entries as well, in case you want to track more processes along with Notepad.exe. 
 + To keep this example simpler, let’s only track Notepad.exe. 
 + 
 + You’ll now see the Process Monitor main window tracking the list of registry and file accesses by processes real-time, as and when they occur.
 </​note>​ </​note>​
  
-Step 2: Capturing Events ^^ +Part 2: Capturing Events ^^ 
-| **8.** Open Notepad. || +| **6.** Open Notepad. || 
-| **9.** Switch to Process Monitor window. || +| **7.** Switch to Process Monitor window. || 
-| **10.** Enable the “Capture” mode (if it’s not already ON). You can see the status of the “Capture” mode via the Process Monitor toolbar. || +| **8.** Enable the “Capture” mode (if it’s not already ON). You can see the status of the “Capture” mode via the Process Monitor toolbar. || 
-| **11.** The highlighted button above is the “Capture” button, which is current ​disabled. You need to click that button ​(or use Ctrl + E key sequence) ​to enable capturing of events. || +| **9.** The highlighted button above is the “Capture” button, which is currently ​disabled. You need to click that button to enable capturing of events. || 
-| **12.** Cleanup the existing events list using Ctrl + X key sequence ​(Important) ​and start afresh. || +| **10.** **Important**: ​Cleanup the existing events list using Ctrl + X key sequence and start afresh. || 
-| **13.** Now switch ​to Notepad ​and try to reproduce the problem. || +| **11.** Switch back to Notepad. || 
-| **14.** To reproduce the problem ​(for this example), try writing to HOSTS file (C:​\Windows\System32\Drivers\Etc\HOSTS) ​and saving it. Windows offers to save the file (by showing the Save As dialog) ​with a different name, or in a different location. So, what happens under the hood when you save to HOSTS file? Process Monitor shows that exactly. || +| **12.** To reproduce the problem, try writing to the HOSTS file and saving it. Windows offers to save the file with a different name, or in a different location. So, what happens under the hood when you save to HOSTS file? Process Monitor shows that exactly. || 
-| **15.** Switch to Process Monitor window, and turn off Capturing (Ctrl + E) as soon as you reproduce ​the problem. Important Note: Don’t take much time to reproduce the problem after enabling capturing. Similarly turn off capturing as soon as you finish reproducing the problem. This is to prevent Process Monitor from recording other unneeded data (which makes analysis part more difficult). ​You need to do all that as quickly as you can. ||+| **13.** Switch to Process Monitor window, and turn off Capturing (Ctrl + E) as soon as you encounter ​the problem. ​**Important Note**: You need to do all that as quickly as you can in order to not record unneeded data. ||
  
 <note warning> <note warning>
-The log file above tells us that Notepad encountered an ACCESS DENIED error when writing to the HOSTS file. The solution would be to simply run Notepad elevated (right-click and choose “Run as Administrator”) to be able to write to HOSTS file successfully.+ The log file above tells us that Notepad encountered an ACCESS DENIED error when writing to the HOSTS file. 
 + 
 + The solution would be to simply run Notepad elevated (right-click and choose “Run as Administrator”) to be able to write to HOSTS file successfully.
 </​note>​ </​note>​
  
-Step 3: Saving the Output ^^ +Part 3: Saving the Output ^^ 
-| **16.** In the Process Monitor window, select the File menu and click Save. || +| **14.** In the Process Monitor window, select the File menu and click Save. || 
-| **17.** Select Native Process Monitor Format (PML), mention the output file name and Path, save the file. || +| **15.** Select Native Process Monitor Format (PML), mention the output file name and Path, save the file. || 
-| **18.** Right-click on the Logfile.PML file, click Send To, and choose Compressed (zipped) folder. This compresses the file by ~90%. Look at the graphic below. You certainly want to zip the log file before sending ​it to someone. ||+| **16.** Right-click on the Logfile.PML file, click Send To, and choose Compressed (zipped) folder. You can now send it to an expert. ||
  
-=== 04 - Exercises ===+<​note>​ 
 + To recap, Task Manager shows what processes use the disk intensively at the current time.
  
-== Exercise 01. [30p] Task Manager, ​Windows Performance Recorder ​and Process Monitor ==+ Windows Performance Recorder ​/ Windows Performance Analyzer show who used the disk during a longer time period, although they were showing the activity as belonging to the System process instead of our process.
  
-  * Go through the tutorials: Task Manager, Windows Performance Recorder and Process Monitor. Discuss the output ​and call the assistant to show him/her your progress.+ ​Using ​Process Monitor ​we could identify our processes'​ entire activity ​and determine why one is slower than the other. 
 +</note>
  
-== Exercise 02[10p] Task Manager ​==+==== 04Process Explorer ​==== 
 + ​Process Explorer is similar to Task Manager in many ways, as both serve the same purpose. 
 + ​Process Explorer is more verbose and shows much more information about different parts of the system.
  
-  * Which program is constantly reading or writing to your hard disk?+ Even if it doesn'​t look as pretty as Task Manager, this tool was developed for Windows 2000 initially. 
 + The Task Manager of Windows 2000 offered much fewer options than the one for Windows 10. 
 + Now, Task Manager and Process Explorer are interchangeable in most cases.
  
-**How to:**+==== 05. Windows API ==== 
 + The previous chapters cover most cases where we encounter an error, we diagnose it, and identify it.
  
-  * Open Task Manager, and select ​the Details tab+ There is always ​the very rare case where a tool just doesn'​t cut it
-  * Right-click on the column header (Name, PID, Status etc) and click Select Columns. + In this case we can use the API offered by Windows to extract what information we want from a program ​and/or the system.
-  * Enable ​the following checkboxes and click OK.+
  
-<note tip> + More precisely, we are interested in the [[https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/​windows/​win32/​psapi/process-status-helper | Process Status API]] from Windows
-I/O read bytes is the number of bytes read in input/output operations generated by a process, including file, network, and device I/Os. + This offers basic functionality ​to extract information from the system and its processes.
-Whereas I/O write bytes is the number of bytes written in input/output operations by a process, including file, network, and device I/Os+
-I/O Read Bytes & I/O Write Bytes directed ​to CONSOLE (console input object) handles are not counted. +
-</​note>​+
  
-  * Next, sort the listings by I/O Read bytes and see which application is generating the maximum I/O (in bytes/sec). Similarly, sort by I/O Write bytes to see which program is writing to the hard disk continuously. + We will only briefly go over the functions ​in the Taskso feel free to try more of the functionality ​of the API.
-  * Once you identify the programdecide if you need the program or not. Leave it as it is if the I/O operations are justified. Else, remove the program or consult its documentation ​to tweak the settings if any. For instance, one of your browser extensions may cause high disk or CPU usage. You need to isolate the extension, add-on or the browser’s feature causing ​the trouble.+
  
-== Exercise 03. [30p] Process Monitor ​==+===== Tasks =====
  
 <note warning> <note warning>
-Download ​the archive ​{{:​ep:​laboratoare:​logs-final.7z|}} and check if you have “Process Monitor” installed (Windows 10). + The tasks can be found for the Windows sessions can be found here: 
- +  * New Tasks: ​{{:​ep:​laboratoare:​lab08-tasks.zip|}}
-//​logs-final.7z//:​ **parola** +
- +
-//​HandleLeak.7z//:​ **parola7** +
- +
-//​Task.7z//:​ **parola17**+
 </​note>​ </​note>​
  
-== [10p] Task A - Checking logging file == +{{namespace>:ep:labs:08:contents:tasks&​nofooter&​noeditbutton}}
- +
-^ Process Monitor ^^ +
-| Looking at the logs created by the two apps - bad.log, good.log - they are identical, but Logs.exe has a significantly longer running time compared to GoodLog.exe. Start Process Monitor. | {{:​ep:​laboratoare:​ep4_procmon.jpg?​400|}} | +
-| If the 4 buttons in the black area on the upper part of the window are selected, Process Monitor will display the activity (in this order) for: registry, files, networking, process and thread activity. By unchecking them, the corresponding events will be no longer displayed. In the menu bar there is the Filter field. If selected, it will trigger a dropdown menu that contains another Filterfield. If this second Filter field is selected, it will open the window shown below. Replicate this on your computer. | {{:​ep:​laboratoare:​ep4_procmon-filters.jpg?​400|}} || +
-| From the two dropdown menus in the upper part of the context window, select ”Process Name” instead of ”Architecture” and ”is” instead of ”contains”. In the text filed add Logs.exe, click the Add button and then the OKbutton. Open the terminal and run Logs.exe. After the program is done running, save the Process Monitor capture. Use Ctrl + X to reset all the events captured in Process Monitor. Go to Filter → Filter area, double-click on the filter that was just added and change Logs.exe with GoodLog.exe,​ then click Add and Ok. Start GoodLog.exe and save the capture once the program finishes running. Scroll down in the two capture-logs until you notice the activity for bad.log respectively good.log. | {{:​ep:​laboratoare:​ep4_procmonlogscomparison.jpg?​400|}} || +
- +
-<note important> +
-Notice the difference. On the left-hand side it is shown the faster logging process, and on the right-hand side the slower one. Look in the red highlighted area to see the difference. On the left-hand side the logging file is opened, followed by continuous writing, while on the right-hand side the file is opened and closed for every writing operation which explains the significant slowdown.  +
-</​note>​ +
- +
-| To recap, Task Manager shows what processes use the disk intensively at the current time, Windows Performance Recorder / Windows Performance Analyzer show who used the disc during a longer time period, although they were showing the activity as belonging to the System process instead of our process. Using Process Monitor we could identify our processes'​ entire activity and we could determine why one is slower than the other. But what if we could find out which line in the code causes the problem? Go back to Process Monitor. Use the window of the badly written logging program (Logs.exe). Go to Options → Configure Symbols, which will open the window shown below. | {{:ep:laboratoare:ep4_procmon-symbols.jpg?​400|}} || +
-| In the log (D:​\Logs\bad.log) go to CreateFile. Double-click to open the Event Properties window. Choose the Stacktab, scroll down and you can notice that in the main function of main_bad_log.cpp,​ at line 12 the opening takes place. Click the ”Source” button to view the source code containing the issue. | {{:​ep:​laboratoare:​ep4_prcomoncode.jpg?​400|}} || +
- +
-== [20p] Task B - Investigating a handle leak == +
- +
-In {{:​ep:​laboratoare:​logs-final.7z|}} you have another example of two executables:​ **good.exe** and **bad.exe**. Both have the same outcome, the only difference being their running time (one of them is significantly slower). **Identify the problem**. +
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-**How to:** +
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-  * A handle leak consists of a process that opens files and does not close them. On modern computers if this action is performed millions of times, the system may become unresponsive and will either experience an overall slowdown or the application that causes this will eventually crash. You may think that millions of handles are impossible to reach, so it is not worth paying attention to this problem. However, imagine that there are services running on servers for years. As an example, having a handle leak every 2 seconds amounts for over 10 million handle leaks in a year. How should such problems be investigated?​ +
-  * **Hint:** Open up a terminal and run HandleLeak.exe. Check out the ”Details” tab in Task Manager after adding the ”Handles” column. +
- +
-== Exercise 04. [30p] Process Explorer == +
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-  * It can be noticed that the number of handles keeps growing. This is clearly a problem, but how do we investigate it? +
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-**How to:** +
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-  * Run it as administrator. It is similar to Task Manager. Select the process that you are interested in, namely HandleLeak, and press “Ctrl + H”. The output should be similar to the one in the screenshot below. +
-  * “Ctrl + H” opens a window under the ”Process” section that displays all open handles along with information about them. Thus it will display file handles, registry handles, threads handles, and so on. There is another view (Ctrl + D) that displays all the loaded dlls. +
-  * So it can be noticed that the leaks are on the following file: D:​\Logs\HandleLeak\leak.txt. This is very useful information,​ but it would be better to find out who is responsible for the leak in code. Run Process Monitor with a filter on HandleLeak.exe and to notice the stack where the leakage is happens. +
- +
-=== 05 - Feedback === +
- +
-  * Please take a minute to fill in the **[[https://​docs.google.com/​forms/​d/​e/​1FAIpQLSfsMBl2EFu10jJG2qHEiSsR-qYr3wkzQPfDwjhChKnjRtDT_w/​viewform | feedback form]]** for this lab. +
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-{{ :ep:laboratoare:ep4_logo_bitd2.png?​300 |}} +
ep/labs/08.txt · Last modified: 2023/10/30 00:50 by ana.grigorescu0809
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